Short Notes on Protocol | Topology | LAN | MAN | WAN | CLIENT | SERVER | HOST | PEER TO PEER COMMUNICATION | Computer Network

 

COMPUTER NETWORK

In This blog we discussed about  Protocol, Topology, LAN, MAN, WAN, CLIENT, SERVER, HOST, PEER TO PEER COMMUNICATION of  Computer Network

PROTOCOL:

For successful communication to occurred it is not enough for the sender to simply transmit massage and assumed that the receiver massage properly. There are certain rules that must be followed to ensure proper communication. A set of such rules are known as a protocol of the data communication.

 

Network topology:

The topology of a network describes the way the computers or devices are connected together. The topology is a major designed for cost and reliability. The network is two or more devices connected to each other through links.

-       Point to Point connection

-       Multipoint connection

 

network topology can be design using the following accepts:

 

i.               The placement of network node

ii.             Placement of Router

iii.           To decide how to connect this node

iv.          The network reliability and link capacity constrain

Lan:

Local Area Network is a network which is design to operate over a small physical area. Such as office, a factory or a group of buildings. Bus topology and Ring topology used in LAN.

 

MAN:

Metropolitan Area Network or MAN is a basically bigger version of LAN, which uses similar topology. It is designed to extend over an entire city. It can be single network such as cable TV network.

 

Wan:

Wide Area Network. When a network span a large distance or when the computers to be connected to each other widely separated location, a local area network can’t be used. A wide area network must be installed. The communication between the different users of WAN using least telephone line or satellite link and similar channels.

 

Client:

A typical network involves having users sit at work station, running such application as word processer or spreadsheet program. The workstation also known as a client. Which is just a basic computer central server. So that can share files with other users on the network.

Server:

The server is a special computer that contains more disk space and memory that are found on the client workstation. The server has a special software installed that allows it to function as a server. This software provides file & print services (to allow sharing file & printers). Provide web pages to client or provide email functionality to the company.

 

 

Host:

The term HOST referred to any computer or device that is connected to a network and sends or receives information on that network. A host can be a server. A workstation, a printer with its own network card, or a device such as a router.

    We can summarize by saying that any device or system connected to the network is known as a Host.

 

 

Peer to peer network:

Peer to Peer network has no dedicated servers; instead, a number of workstations are connected together for the purpose of sharing information or devices. When there is no dedicated server, all workstation are consider equal; any of them can participate as the client or the server. Peer to Peer network are designed to satisfy the networking or small companies that do not want spend lot memory on a dedicated server but still wants to have the capability share information or devices.

           The Microsoft term for a peer to peer network is a workgroup. Beware that peer to peer network typically consists of fewer than 10 system. Most of modern operating system such as window XP and windows vista already have built in peer to peer networking capabilities.

 

 

Client- server network:

A computer network in which one centralized, powerful computer (called server) is a hub to which many less powerful personal computer or workstation (called client) are connected. The clients run programs and access data that are stored on the server. Compare peer to peer network.

read also : what is computer Network ?

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