Four way to make AC to DC converter / Adapter circuit | Half wave & Full wave Rectifier circuit | 230-40VAC to 12VDC | 230-40VAC to 5VDC

 

 AC to DC converter / Adapter circuit or Half wave & Full wave Rectifier circuit:

AC to DC converter circuit / Adapter circuit, module or device; which convert AC to DC. Generally an AC to DC converter circuit used to get 230V AC to 12V DC or 230V-9v vice-versa. It’s a basically simple electronics circuit, contains with transformer, rectifier, filter, voltage regulator.

Today almost every electronic device needs a dc supply for its smooth operation and they need to be operated within certain power supply limits. This required dc voltage or dc supply is derived from single phase ac mains.

Complete guide to make an AC to DC converter :

A regulated power supply can convert unregulated an ac (alternating current or voltage) to a constant dc (direct current or voltage).

Basic block diagram of AC to DC converter:

From this block diagram we can understand, source is an alternating current (AC) The ac voltage (220-40v). applied on step-down transformer which step down the voltage from 220-40v into 12v-0v-12v. then the voltage applied to the rectifier circuit. the rectifier circuit convert ac voltage into pulsating dc voltage. The pulsating dc applied across through the capacitor which is parallel connected with rectifier circuit. The capacitor works as a filter. Its convert pulsating dc in pure DC voltage.

Then the DC voltage passes through the voltage regulator to get the required voltage.

                                                            WARNING

1.     Electrical hazards include exposed energized parts which may become energized unexpectedly (shock Hazard).

2.     If you unaware of basic electronics with high voltage &  transformer, don’t do this project.

3.        Do this project at your own risk.

4.        Take safety steps related to electricity.

How can I make AC to DC Converter / Adaptor Circuit?

1.    Frist choose the transformer. we choose a 12vAC 5A center tap transformer.

2.    Build the rectifier circuit connected with one capacitor in parallel.

3.    Connect the voltage regulator to get desire dc voltage.

 

Which component required to make AC to Dc Converter / Adaptor Circuit?

Circuit 1:

This is the full wave bridge rectifier AC to DC converter.

Input :230-40V.

Output :12V (you can get also 5V,9V,15V using voltage regulator or Zener diode).

1.     230V-12V center tapped Transformer.

2.     6A Diode x 4.

3.     4700uF/50V Capacitor x 4 (High voltage capacitors can be Dangerous. Discharge before working with them).

4.     Connecting wires.

Circuit 2:

This is the Half wave rectifier AC to DC converter.

Input :230-40V.

Output :12V(you can get also 5V,9V,15V using voltage regulator or Zener diode).

 

1.     230V-12V center tapped Transformer.

2.     6A Diode x 2.

3.     2200uF/50V Capacitor x 1(High voltage capacitors can be Dangerous. Discharge before working with them).

4.     Connecting wires.

Circuit 3:

This is the full wave bridge rectifier AC to DC converter

Input :230V

Output :5V

1.     230V-12V center tapped Transformer

2.     IN4007 Diode x 4

3.     1000uF/25V Capacitor x 1 (High voltage capacitors can be Dangerous. Discharge before working with them)

4.     7508 voltage regulator x 1

5.     Connecting wires

 

 

You can make AC to DC converter/Adaptor circuit in this way also:

1.     AC to DC Converter without transformer (230V AC to 5V DC) :

 Sometime we need to create a small circuit or system. therefore we need to create a small ac to dc converter circuit, because of a transformer occupied a big area. so we can create an ac to dc converter this way.

Which component required to make AC to Dc converter without transformer ? AC to DC converter / Adaptor circuit:

1.  Capacitors-470uf/35 Volt         
2.   Capacitor-225j 400v (High voltage capacitors can be Dangerous. Discharge before working with them)
3. Four Diode-IN4007
4. Resistor-1M .25w
5.    Resistor-100 ohm 2W
6.   Zener diode-5 volt (as per required output voltage)
7.   Soldering iron
8.   Connecting wire

     Circuit 4:

 

 

 

 

 Leave your valuable comment in the comment box and share this blog.🙂